目的：通过体外实验的方法，观察脂肪间充质干细胞对海鱼分枝杆菌的抑制效应，分析其可能的抑菌机制。方法：提取小鼠骨髓中的单核细胞，加入细胞因子诱导分化成巨噬细胞；再将巨噬细胞与脂肪间充质干细胞置于 transwell 小室中非接触式共培养 3 天，上室为干细胞，下室为巨噬细胞，收集下室上清液，行 ELISA 检测，观察促炎因子的变化；收集下室细胞沉淀，行流式细胞术检测、细菌感染及菌量测定，评估脂肪间充质干细胞对巨噬细胞的诱导作用。结果：下室中经诱导后的巨噬细胞高表达 CD11b 和 CD86；TNF-α及 CRAMP 的水平较对照组均有升高，差异有统计学意义；但与未经诱导的巨噬细胞相比，实验组的巨噬细胞并不能显著降低海鱼分枝杆菌的感染效率。结论：间充质干细胞通过释放细胞因子，诱导巨噬细胞分化的方式，在一定程度上为海鱼等分枝杆菌感染的免疫治疗提供思路。

Objective: To observe the inhibitory effect of adipose derived stromal cells on mycobacterium marinum in vitro, and to analyze its possible antibacterial mechanism. Methods: Mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated and induced to differentitate into macrophages, which were confirmed by flow cytometry. The supernatant was extracted from the non-contact co-culture of macrophages and adipose derived stromal cells by transwell chamber, the levels of inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA, and the macrophages induced by stromal cells were collected. Results: The levels of CD11b and CD86 of induced macrophages, the level of TNF-α and LL-37 in the suppernatant were both significantly higher than those in the control group; the macrophages in the experimental group did not significantly reduce the infection efficiency of mycobacterium marinum. Conclusion: Adipose derived stromal cells may inhibit the growth of mycobacterium marinum to some extent by releasing cytokines and inducing the differentitation of macrophages.