背景：老年抑郁症发病率逐年升高，给老年人群身心健康带来巨大危害。社会关系（包括功能与结构两方面，前者由社会支持体现，后者通过社会网络呈现）对老年抑郁症患者的症状控制有较好的促进作用，能够改善患者病情和生活质量。掌握患者社会关系现状及特征，把握当中的薄弱点以进行针对性干预对患者而言十分重要。但是，老年抑郁症患者社会关系现状及特征并不明朗，值得深入研究。

目的：（1）调查老年抑郁症患者的社会关系现状及特征，分析不同特征（如性别、年龄段、病程等）老年抑郁症患者的社会关系是否存在差异。（2）探索老年抑郁症患者社会支持与社会网络之间的联系。

方法：采用便利抽样法，选取于2017年3月至2018年2月在北京市某三级甲等精神病专科医院住院（即将出院）的老年抑郁症患者，用多维感知社会支持量表、自我中心社会网络问卷和访谈法进行资料收集。采用SPSS 22.0和Ucinet 6对收集的数据进行统计和分析。

结果：（1）研究对象感知社会支持平均分为（51.97±11.89）分。（2）研究对象社会护航模型由内而外三个轨道护航者人数分别为（1.07±1.29）人、（2.62±1.84）人、（2.13±2.45）人；自我中心社会网络规模为（6.66±4.87）人，平均密度（0.98±0.09）。（3）研究对象社会网络可分为6种类型：全面型、家庭聚焦型、家庭唯一型、亲戚聚焦型、朋友聚焦型和亲戚唯一型。（4）社会网络规模与感知社会支持总分、朋友支持、其他重要人物支持得分呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）；网络密度与朋友支持得分呈负相关（P=0.020）；最内轨道人数与家庭支持维度得分呈显著正相关（P=0.030）；中间轨道人数与其他重要人物支持得分呈正相关（P=0.027）；最外轨道人数与感知社会支持得分、朋友支持、其他重要人物支持得分呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）。

结论：（1）老年抑郁症患者社会关系的功能处于中等支持水平，显著低于正常老年人，且易受到各种因素的影响；社会关系的结构较正常老年人更小，且情感亲密度更低。（2）老年抑郁症患者社会关系的功能与结构之间存在显著相关，社会网络规模越大，社会支持越高。

background: the incidence of geriatric depression is increasing year by year, which brings great harm to the physical and mental health of the elderly population. social relation (including functional and structural aspects, the former embodied by social support, the latter through social network) can promote the symptom control of patients with geriatric depression and improve their condition and quality of life. it is very important for patients to grasp the status and characteristics of their social relations and the weak points so as to carry out targeted intervention. however, the status quo and characteristics of social relations in patients with geriatric depression are not clear, which deserves further study.

ives: (1) to investigate the status quo and characteristics of social relations among patients with geriatric depression, and to analyze whether there are differences in social relations among patients with different characteristics (such as gender, age, disease course, etc.). (2) to explore the relationship between social support and social network in patients with geriatric depression.

methods: a total of 288 patients with geriatric depression were recruited from a tertiary psychiatric hospital in beijing from march 2017 to february 2018 by convenience sampling. data were collected by the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, egocentric social network questionnaire and interview. spss 22.0 and ucinet 6 were used for statistics and analysis of the collected data.

results: (1) the average score of perceived social support was (51.97±11.89). (2) the number of escorts for the three orbits from inside to outside in the convoy model of the patients was (1.07±1.29), (2.62±1.84) and (2.13±2.45) respectively. the scale of egocentric social network was (6.66±4.87), and the average density was (0.98±0.09). (3) social network of patients can be divided into six types: comprehensive, family-focused, family-only, relatives focused, friends focused and relatives-only. (4) the scale of social network was positively correlated with the score of perceived social support, friend support and other significant person support (p < 0.05). network density was negatively correlated with friend support (p=0.020).

there was a significant positive correlation between the number of people in the innermost orbit and the score of family support dimension (p=0.030). the number of people in intermediate orbit was positively correlated with the support scores of other significant people (p=0.027). the number of people in outermost orbit was positively correlated with perceived social support, friend support and other significant person support scores (p < 0.05).

conclusions: (1) the function of social relation of elderly depressed patients is at the medium level of support, which is significantly lower than that of normal elderly people, and vulnerable to various factors; the structure of social relation is smaller than that of normal elderly people, and the degree of emotional intimacy is lower. (2) there is a significant correlation between the function and structure of social relation in geriatric depression. the larger the social network, the higher the social support.