目的：更年期患者常因绝经相关症状就诊于更年期门诊，目前有许多绝经特异性或非特异性问卷用于评估患者症状严重程度。然而，不同问卷之间的相关性和特点仍需进一步分析。  

方法：本研究是一项横断面调查，回顾性分析于2016年1月至2024年12月就诊于中国27家医院更年期门诊的13498名患者的电子问卷数据，问卷采集了患者的人口社会学数据，包括年龄、身高、体重、月经状态、婚姻状况、收入、教育背景等。问卷包括两种绝经非特异性量表：改良Kupperman评分（modified Kupperman index，mKI）、绝经特异生存质量量表（menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire，MENQOL），以及两种特异性量表：用于评估患者情绪困扰的医院焦虑和抑郁量表（Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale，HADS）和用于评估患者睡眠障碍的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（Pittsburgh sleep quality index，PSQI）。采用IBM SPSS Statistics 27进行统计分析，比较上述几种量表用于平均更年期相关症状的相关性和一致性。

结果：1、患者中位年龄为52岁（49，55），48.28%患者的绝经相关症状为中、重度。2、mKI重度症状发生率最高的是：失眠（9.08%，1225/13498），性交痛（6.55%，884/13498），潮热出汗（6.36%，859/13498），易激动（4.02%，542/13498），感觉异常（2.30%，310/13498）。3、mKI与MENQOL血管舒缩症状、心理社会状态、生理状态、性生活四个领域均存在显著的中度至强相关性（ρ分别为0.659、0.632、0.686、0.512），判断患者症状有无的一致性中等（Kappa分别为0.350、0.330、0.217、0.283），判断症状严重程度的一致性较差（Kappa分别为0.168、0.172、0.144、0.189，一致性均轻微，P均<0.001。4、mKI和HADS-A中等相关，和HADS-D弱相关（ρ分别为0.531、0.363）；MENQOL的心理社会状态领域和HADS-A强相关，和HADS-D中等相关（ρ分别为0.665、0.479）。两问卷和HADS一致性均较差（mKI与HADS-A、HADS-D的Kappa分别为0.094、0.083；MENQOL心理社会状态领域与HADS-A、HADS-D的Kappa分别为0.053、0.041，P均<0.001）。5、mKI、MENQOL生理状态得分与PSQI强相关（ρ分别为0.634、0.593，P<0.01），其中mKI与PSQI一致性中等（kappa=0.306，P<0.01），MENQOL生理状态得分与PSQI一致性较差（kappa=0.074，P<0.001）。

结论：1、mKI和MENQOL量表相关性较强，评估患者是否有更年期症状有无的一致性中等，评估症状严重程度的一致性较差。综合问卷设计和评价，在评估患者更年期症状时可考虑选择MENQOL。2、中国女性更年期患者睡眠问题较为突出，更年期门诊可考虑完善PSQI以评估睡眠情况。3、中国国女性更年期性生活问题较为突出，更年期门诊应重视更年期患者性生活相关主诉，必要时完善女性性功能相关评估量表。4、情绪困扰不是中国更年期女性最突出的困扰，门诊根据患者主诉酌情考虑是否需要完善HADS评估。5、门诊工作中应视具体情况选用和组合适当的问卷，在节约医患时间精力的同时，减少评估不足和重复评估等情况。

Objective: A considerable number of climacteric patients seek consultation and assistance at menopause outpatient services due to bothersome symptoms associated with menopause. There are many specific and non-specific rating scales currently utilized to evaluate the occurrence and severity of these symptoms. However, the correlation and characteristics among different scales still require detailed further analysis. Methods: This research includes online rating scale data from 13,498 outpatient menopause patients who visited menopause clinics across 27 hospitals in China between January 2016 and December 2024. Data collected included patients’ sociodemographic information and responses to four rating scales consisting of the modified Kupperman index (mKI), menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire (MENQOL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the correlation, consistency and characteristics of these rating scales in evaluating menopausal symptoms. Results: The median age of participants in this study is 52 (interquartile range: 49, 55). Moderate to severe menopausal symptoms were reported by 48.28% of the patients. 2. The highest incidence of severe symptoms according to mKI includes insomnia (9.08%, 1,225/13,498), dyspareunia (6.55%, 884/498), hot flashes and sweating (6.36%, 859/13,498), irritability (4.02%, 542/3,498), and abnormal sensations (2.30%, 310/13,498). 3. A significant moderate to strong positive correlation was observed between mKI total scores and all four domains of MENQOL (vasomotor, psychosocial, physical, and sexual), with Spearman's correlation coefficients rho values of 0.659, 0.632, 0.686, and 0.512, respectively. The consistency in determining whether a patient is symptomatic is moderate, with Kappa values of 0.350, 0.330, 0.217, and 0.283 respectively, while the consistency in severity is poor, with Kappa values of 0.168、0.172、0.144、0.189 respectively), P < 0.001.4. The mKI shows a moderate correlation with HADS-A and a poor correlation with HADS-D, with correlation coefficients of 0.531, 0.363. MENQOL psychosocial domain score shows a strong correlation with HADS-A and a moderate correlation with HADS-D, with correlation coefficients of 0.665, 0.479. However, the consistency in assessing whether a patient is psychosocially symptomatic is poor, with Kappa values of 0.094 and 0.083 (mKI vs. HADS-A and mKI vs. HADS-D) and 0.053 and 0.041 (MENQOL vs. HADS-A and MENQOL vs. HADS-D) (P < 0.001). 5. Both mKI and MENQOL physical domain scores are strongly correlated with PSQI scores, with correlation coefficients of 0.634 and 0.593 (P < 0.01). The consistency between mKI and PSQI is moderate (Kappa = 0.306, P < 0.01), while the consistency between the physical score of MENQOL and PSQI is poor (Kappa = 0.074, P < 0.001). Conclusion: mKI and MENQOL demonstrate a strong correlation and moderate consistency in evaluating the presence of menopausal symptoms. However, the consistency in assessing the severity of these symptoms is markedly insufficient. According to questionnaire design and evaluation comprehensively, MENQOL may be considered a viable tool for assessing climacteric symptoms in patients. Sleep disorders are notably prevalent among Chinese menopausal women, making PSQI a necessary assessment tool in the menopause outpatient department. Sexual problems are prevalent among Chinese menopausal women, underscoring the need for clinicians to actively address sexual complaints in menopausal care and implement standardized female sexual function assessments when appropriate. It is optional to complete HADS for patients with severe emotional disturbances. It is important to select and combine rating scales appropriately in outpatient services to save time and effort for both healthcare providers and patients, while minimizing inadequate or redundant evaluations.