第一部分  应用起立行走计时测试评估社区老年人群运动功能与认知功能及睡眠的相关性

研究背景：在人口老龄化的背景之下，老年人群的健康问题一直是人们关注的重点，其中运动功能障碍、认知障碍和睡眠障碍都是影响老年人生活质量和身心健康的重要因素。

方法：招募中国北京市、天津市、海南省海口市3个地区的472名60岁～80岁的老年人作为研究对象。通过面对面访谈收集研究对象的基本信息，现场进行“起立-行走”计时测试（Time up and go test, TUG）评估研究对象的运动功能，应用简易精神状态检查(Mini-mental state examination， MMSE)评估研究对象的认知功能水平，应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI）量表和埃普沃斯思睡量表（Epworth sleepiness scale, ESS）评估研究对象的睡眠情况。分析正常老年人的运动功能与认知功能及睡眠的相关性。

结果：22.5%的研究对象的运动功能正常，77.5%的研究对象运动功能下降。研究对象中认知功能正常组占93.0%、认知功能下降组占7.0%。年龄、饮酒史、体质指数（BMI）、有无既往疾病、ESS评分、是否有日间思睡及PSQI量表中睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍的评分是老年人运动功能的影响因素。MMSE得分与运动功能呈显著负相关，PSQI量表中睡眠时间、习惯性睡眠效率评分和ESS评分与运动功能呈显著正相关。logistic回归分析显示：年龄增大(OR=1.125，95% CI：1.083～1.168，P＜0.001)、有饮酒史(OR=0.482，95% CI：0.384～0.605，P＜0.001)、BMI超标（OR=1.663，95% CI：1.340～2.063，P＜0.001）、高脂血症 (OR=0.156，95% CI：0.077～0.318，P＜0.001)、有消化性疾病(OR=0.154，95% CI：0.044～0.532，P=0.003)、使用催眠镇静药物(OR=0.415，95% CI：0.202～0.854，P=0.017)、有日间思睡（OR=4.234，95% CI：2.800～6.403，P＜0.001）及PSQI量表中的睡眠效率评分高(OR=1.425，95% CI：1.214～1.672，P＜0.001）和睡眠障碍评分高(OR=3.356，95% CI：2.337～4.819，P＜0.001)均为老年人运动功能下降的危险因素。

结论：应用“起立-行走”计时测试能够有效评估老年人的运动功能的下降，老年人群运动功能下降比例较高，运动功能与认知功能及睡眠情况具有相关性。

第二部分 社区老年人群运动功能与人工智能评价认知功能及情绪的相关性

研究背景：在人口老龄化的背景之下，老年人群的健康问题一直是人们关注的重点，其中运动功能障碍、认知障碍和情绪障碍都是影响老年人生活质量和身心健康的重要因素。

方法：在中国北京市、浙江省杭州市、广东省东莞市3个地区随机招募60～80岁的老年人共387例，其中北京市160例，杭州市158例，东莞市69例。现场辅助受试者应用头戴便携式EyeKnow^TM智能眼动分析评价系统进行眼动检查评估认知功能。现场面对面访谈填写9项患者健康问卷(9-item patient health questionnaire，PHQ-9)，评估研究对象的情绪状况，并收集研究对象的性别、年龄、教育程度等基本信息。运动功能通过现场进行“起立-行走”计时测试（ TUG）评估。分析认知功能对情绪和运动功能的影响和相关性。

结果：研究对象运动功能正常占68.5%、运动功能异常占31.5%。93.8%的研究对象认知功能正常，6.2%的研究对象存在认知功能下降的风险。年龄、认知功能快速检查综合评分、执行功能、执行规划能力、注意力、记忆力、短时记忆力、认知功能下降风险、情绪风险是老年人运动功能的影响因素。认知功能快速检查综合评分及执行功能、执行规划能力、记忆力、短时记忆力与运动功能呈显著负相关，注意力、注意力分配能力与运动功能呈负相关。logistic回归分析显示：年龄增大(OR=1.072，95% CI：1.023～1.124，P＜0.01)、情绪高风险(OR=0.545，95% CI：0.329～0.903，P＜0.05)是老年人运动功能下降的危险因素。经亚组分析结果表示3个地区的老年人的运动功能、认知功能及多个认知域的评分具有一致性；认知风险组的老年人平均TUG值更大；情绪高风险组的老年人平均TUG值更大、认知功能快速检查综合评分更低、反应能力评分更低。

结论：运动功能与认知功能及不同认知领域、情绪状况具有相关性。

Part 1  Using time up and go (TUG) test to evaluate the correlation of motor function with cognitive function and sleep quality in Community elderly 

Background: Under the background of population aging, the health problems of the elderly population have always been the focus of attention, among which motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment and sleep disorders are important factors affecting the quality of life and physical and mental health of the elderly.

Methods: 472 elderly people aged 60-80 years old from Beijing, Tianjin and Hainan Province were recruited as research objects. The basic information of the subjects was collected through face-to-face interview, and the motor function of the subjects was assessed by the Time up and go test (TUG), and the cognitive function of the subjects was assessed by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleep Scale (ESS) were used to evaluate the sleep status of the subjects. Analyze the correlation between motor function, cognitive function and sleep in normal elderly.

Results: 22.5% of the subjects had normal motor function and 77.5% had decreased motor function. 93.0% had normal cognitive function and 7.0% had decreased cognitive function. Age, drinking history, BMI, pre-existing diseases, ESS score, daytime sleepiness and PSQI sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorders, hypnotic drugs, daytime dysfunction score were the influencing factors of motor function. MMSE score was negatively correlated with motor function, and PSQI sleep time, habitual sleep efficiency and ESS score were positively correlated with motor function. It is indicated by logistic regression analysis that: Increased age (OR=1.125，95% CI：1.083～1.168，P＜0.001), drinking history (OR=0.482，95% CI：0.384～0.605，P＜0.001), high BMI (OR= 1.663，95% CI：1.340～2.063，P＜0.001), hyperlipemia (OR=0.156，95% CI：0.077～0.318，P＜0.001)， digestive system disease (OR=0.154，95% CI：0.044～0.532，P=0.003), hypnotic sedative drugs (OR=0.415，95% CI：0.202～0.854，P=0.017),  daytime sleepiness (OR= 4.234，95% CI：2.800～6.403，P＜0.001), high habitual sleep efficiency score of PSQI(OR=1.425，95% CI：1.214～1.672，P＜0.001) and high sleep disturbances score of PSQI (OR=3.356，95% CI：2.337～4.819，P＜0.001) were risk factors for motor function decline in the elderly. 

Conclusion: The proportion of motor function decline in the elderly population is higher. Motor function is correlated with cognitive function and sleep status.

Part 2  Evaluating the correlation of motor function with cognitive function and emotion in Community elderly by Artificial intelligence 

Background: Under the background of population aging, the health problems of the elderly population have always been the focus of attention, among which motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment and emotional disorders are important factors affecting the quality of life and physical and mental health of the elderly.

Methods: 387 elderly people aged 60-80 years old were randomly recruited from Beijing, Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province, and Dongguan of Guangdong Province, including 160 in Beijing, 158 in Hangzhou, and 69 in Dongguan. The EyeKnow^TM intelligent eye movement analysis and evaluation system was used  to evaluate their cognitive function through eye movement examination in the field. 9 patient health questionnaires (PHQ-9) were completed to assess the emotional state of the subjects, and basic information such as gender, age and education level of the subjects were collected. Motor function was assessed by  the Time up and go test (TUG). The influence and correlation of cognitive function on emotion and motor function were analyzed.

Results: 68.5% of the subjects had normal motor function and 31.5% had abnormal motor function. 93.8% of the study participants had normal cognitive function and 6.2% were at risk of cognitive decline. Age, comprehensive score of cognitive function, executive function, executive planning ability, attention, memory, short-term memory, cognitive risk and emotional risk were the influencing factors of motor function. The comprehensive score of rapid cognitive function test and executive function, executive planning ability, memory and short-term memory were negatively correlated with motor function, and attention and attention allocation ability were negatively correlated with motor function. Increasing age (OR=1.072, 95%CI: 1.023 ~ 1.124, P < 0.01) and high emotional risk (OR=0.545, 95%CI: 0.329 ~ 0.903, P < 0.05) were risk factors for the decline of motor function in the elderly. Subgroup analysis showed that motor function, cognitive function and multiple cognitive domains were consistent in the three regions.

Conclusion: Motor function is correlated with cognitive function, different cognitive domains and emotional status.