论文题名(中文): | 心肌重塑的染色质调控及单细胞图谱研究 |
姓名: | |
论文语种: | chi |
学位: | 博士 |
学位类型: | 学术学位 |
学校: | 北京协和医学院 |
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专业: | |
指导教师姓名: | |
论文完成日期: | 2019-04-04 |
论文题名(外文): | chromatin regulation and single cell mapping of cardiac remodeling |
关键词(中文): | |
关键词(外文): | cardiac remodeling chromatin regulation single cell sequnceing |
论文文摘(中文): |
第一部分:染色质重塑复合物Ino80在心肌肥大及重塑中的作用及其机制的研究 研究背景 研究背景 研究背景 与目的 关键词:Ino80,心肌重塑,心肌肥厚,表观遗传调节 第二部分:通过单细胞测序重建病理性心肌重塑过程中的细胞轨迹揭示其干预策略 中文摘要 研究背景 压力诱导的心肌重塑是许多心血管疾病的基础,但对于单细胞分辨率下心脏从正常供血到心力衰竭的病理进程中,不同细胞类型之间的时空相互作用知之甚少。深入了解心肌重塑的分子机制并在此基础上建立新的防治策略,是心血管医学的主要挑战之一,也是生命科学需要解决的重大基础科学问题。 先前的机制研究已经确定了多种与心肌重塑相关的信号通路,但是目前仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法。这可能是有几方面局限造成的结果,首先,心肌重塑覆盖了正常心脏经历代偿阶段最后到失代偿的整个过程,因此与疾病相关的异常信号是动态的而非静态。其次,心脏包括多种细胞类型,其在体内平衡和疾病条件下具有不同的生物学行为,目前缺乏对这些细胞类型在疾病进展期间关键转变中作用的高通量评估。因此,不重视疾病的特定阶段和相应细胞类型,可能会导致表面甚至错误的理解。 研究目的 在单细胞水平上,解析整个心肌重塑的病理过程,描述心肌细胞和非心肌细胞的命运轨迹。了解心肌重塑过程中不同细胞类型的分子特征,全面绘制心肌重塑关键因子列表,为心脏疾病的机制研究和治疗提供新的研究通路和新的治疗方案。 研究方法与结果 我们以TAC(Transverse aortic constriction,TAC)小鼠为心肌重塑模型,收集心肌重塑过程中不同阶段的心肌细胞(cardiomyocytes,CMs)和非心肌细胞(non-cardiomyocytes,NCMs),分析了11,492个单细胞,确定了疾病进展相关的重要因子和信号通路的完整列表。通过构建细胞相互作用信号图,揭示了在心肌重塑不同阶段中,不同NCM亚群(成纤维细胞,巨噬细胞,和内皮细胞)驱动心肌重塑。在心肌重塑的初始阶段,成纤维细胞的亚群转换是心肌细胞肥大反应的基础。促炎性巨噬细胞的活化是心脏从代偿期向失代偿期转变的关键事件,药物干预TAC术后中期(2-5W)而不是早期(0-2W)的巨噬细胞亚群之间的转换,可以显著延迟心脏功能恶化。成纤维细胞和内皮细胞亚群主要参与心衰阶段心肌重塑,这些与心肌重塑相关的基因在人类样本中高度保守。 结论 我们的研究不仅表征了在心肌重塑过程中不同细胞类型的分子特征,而且确定了心肌重塑关键因素的完整列表,提出对心肌重塑的特定阶段和特异细胞类型进行精确干预对治疗心脏疾病具有重要意义。
关键词:心肌重塑,单细胞测序,细胞间相互作用,心力衰竭,精准干预 |
论文文摘(外文): |
chromatin regulation and single cell mapping of myocardial remodeling abstract background and ive cardiomyopathy is a common human disorder that is characterized by contractile dysfunction and cardiac remodeling. epigenetic reprogramming is a critical process of pathological gene induction during cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. the ino80 chromatin remodeling enzyme has roles in tranion, dna repair and replication. ino80 facilitates pluripotency gene activation in embryonic stem cell self-renewal, reprogramming, and blastocyst development. interestingly, ino80 has also been identified as a pivotal factor in maintaining normal heart function in zabrafish. however, the role of ino80 in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. in the first part, the mrna and protein expression levels of ino80 in normal heart, hypertrophic heart and heart failure tissues of clinical specimens were detected, and ino80 was established to be associated with myocardial remodeling. the second part, we generate lenti-ino80 over expressing and lenti-shino80 lentivirus to infect neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes which are induced by pe to investigate the role and mechanism of ino80 in cardiac hypertrophy at cell level. the third part, we generate a ino80 knock-out mouse model and a tg mouse model with cardiac-specific ino80 expression which were subjected to aortic banding surgery to clarify the role and mechanism of ino80 in cardiac hypertrophy. the fourth part, we block or activate the key downstream protein of ino80 via drugs or genetic engineering to reverse the phenotype resulted by ino80 knockout or transgenic. ino80 is highly expressed in cardiac and is induced in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. overexpression of ino80 was sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro. loss of ino80 blunted the progress from hypertrophy to heart failure during cardiac remodeling. gsea showing that during the tac ino80-binding increased genes were enriched for genes up-regulated in tac mouse hearts. conclusions our studies uncover ino80 as an inducer of pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and suggest that inhibition of endogenous ino80 might have clinical potential to suppress cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
keywords the second part: single-cell reconstruction of progression trajectory reveals intervention principles in pathological cardiac remodeling
abstract background and ive stress-induced cardiac remodeling forms the foundation of many cardiac diseases, yet little is known about the spatiotemporal interplay amongst cell types underlying the pathological progression of the heart from normal to a diseased state, at single-cell resolution. it is one of the main challenges of cardiovascular medicine to understand the molecular mechanism of myocardial remodeling and establish a new prevention and treatment strategy. previous mechanistic studies have identified a multitude of signaling pathways that are crucially involved in pathological cardiac remodeling, but effective treatment is still lacking nonetheless. this incapability of translation could be the result of several limitations. first, since cardiac remodeling covers the whole spectrum of healthy-compensated-decompensated-failed states, disease-relevant aberrant signals are rather dynamic than static. second, the heart comprises multiple cell types with distinct biological behaviors in homeostasis and disorders, yet high-throughput evaluations of their roles at key transitions during disease progression are still lacking. therefore, underemphasis of disease stage and corresponding specific cell types could lead to erroneous generalization. cellular biology and intercellular communication relationships may be further explored in multiple heart disease models and human cardiac pathologies and across multiple time points, leading to advanced understanding of mechanisms in heart disease and novel therapeutic targets. methods and results here, we analyzed 11,492 single cells, including both cardiomyocytes (cms) and non-cardiomyocytes (ncms), at different progressive stages in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling, and identified a full list of factors and signaling pathways potentially important in this process. through constructing cell crosstalk maps, we revealed stage-wise sequential switching in ncm subtype (fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells) utilization driving cardiac remodeling. subtype switch of fibroblasts underlies hypertrophic responses of cardiomyocytes at the initial stage of cardiac remodeling. activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages is the key event in the transition from adaptive to maladaptive heart. intriguingly, stage-specific pharmacological inhibition of macrophage subtype switching dramatically retarded deterioration of heart function. fibroblast and endothelial cell subtypes are major contributors to cardiac remodeling during heart failure. importantly, alterations of genes related to cardiac remodeling were highly conserved in human samples. conclusion together, our study not only characterized the molecular features of different cell types and identifies crucial factors underlying cardiac remodeling, but may also have important implications for stage- and cell type-specific intervention in cardiac diseases. keywords: pathological cardiac remodeling, single-cell sequencing, cell-cell interaction, heart failure, intervention principles
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开放日期: | 2019-06-18 |