研究目的

分析女性参与宫颈癌筛查及接种HPV疫苗意愿及影响因素。

研究方法

2024年4月至2024年10月期间，在青岛市人民医院、山东省潍坊市昌邑市妇幼保健院、北京协和医院、北京市顺义区妇幼保健院、新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院共五家医院开展问卷调查，以健康生态学模型为框架，调查成年女性社会人口学特征、接受宫颈癌筛查意愿、接种HPV疫苗意愿、HPV相关知识、健康信念等。采用Logistics回归分析女性接受宫颈癌筛查意愿、HPV疫苗接种意愿及相关影响因素。

研究结果

1、参与宫颈癌筛查意愿研究的830名女性中，81.9%（671/830）对宫颈癌筛查意愿积极。c²检验结果显示，女性年龄、妊娠史、听说过宫颈癌筛查、HPV相关知识掌握程度、既往筛查史、长期居住地、收入水平、职业、就诊地区对于宫颈癌筛查意愿的影响差异有统计学差异的(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，35-44岁年龄、妊娠史、对宫颈癌筛查及HPV相关知识的掌握可正向预测女性的宫颈癌筛查意愿，结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

2、参与HPV疫苗接种意愿研究的582名女性中，69.1%（402/582）对接种HPV疫苗意愿积极。c²检验结果显示，HPV相关知识、健康信念、长期居住地、职业、就诊地区对于接种HPV疫苗意愿的影响，差异有统计学差异的(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，26-45岁年龄、城镇居民、健康信念可正向预测女性的接种HPV疫苗意愿，结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

研究结论

1、女性接受宫颈癌筛查及接种HPV疫苗意愿积极，但是对于宫颈癌筛查、HPV

相关知识的掌握程度不够，需要进一步加强宣教。

2、年龄、妊娠史、对宫颈癌筛查及HPV相关知识的掌握可正向预测女性宫

颈癌筛查意愿；年龄、城镇居民、健康信念可正向预测女性的接种HPV疫苗意愿，研究者在制定提高女性参与宫颈癌预防的干预措施时应着重关注这些变量，以提高女性接受宫颈癌筛查及接种HPV疫苗的参与度。

Objectives

To analyze women's willingness to participate in cervical cancer screening and receive HPV vaccination, as well as the associated influencing factors.

Methods

From April 2024 to October 2024, questionnaire surveys were conducted in five hospitals: Qingdao People's Hospital, Weifang City Changyi City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Shunyi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital. Based on the framework of the health ecology model, the study investigated the sociodemographic characteristics, willingness to participate in cervical cancer screening, willingness to receive HPV vaccination, HPV-related knowledge, and health beliefs of adult women. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with the willingness to participate in cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination.

Results

1. Among 830 women surveyed regarding cervical cancer screening, 81.9% (671/830) reported a positive willingness to undergo screening. Chi-square test results showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in screening willingness based on age, pregnancy history, awareness of cervical cancer screening, level of HPV-related knowledge, screening history, place of residence, income, occupation, and hospital location. Binary logistic regression indicated that age (35–44 years), pregnancy history, and knowledge of cervical cancer screening and HPV were positive predictors of women’s willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening (P < 0.05).

2. Among 582 women surveyed regarding HPV vaccination, 69.1% (402/582) expressed willingness to receive the vaccine. Chi-square tests revealed significant differences in vaccination willingness associated with HPV-related knowledge, health beliefs, place of residence, occupation, and hospital location (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression further indicated that age (26–45 years), urban residency, and stronger health beliefs were positive predictors of women’s willingness to receive the HPV vaccine (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

1. Women have a positive willingness to participate in cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination, but their mastery of HPV-related knowledge is insufficient. Further education and publicity are needed.

2. Age, pregnancy history, and the mastery of cervical cancer screening and HPV-related knowledge can positively predict the willingness of women to participate in cervical cancer screening; age, urban residents, and health beliefs can positively predict the willingness of women to receive HPV vaccination. Researchers should focus on these variables when formulating intervention measures to increase women's participation in cervical cancer prevention to improve their willingness to participate in cervical cancer screening and receive HPV vaccination.