磁性纳米材料作为一种颇具前景的新型功能材料，具有磁响应性好、易修饰、生物相容性好等优点，被作为吸附剂广泛应用于蛋白组学分析等生物化学研究和水中放射性核素去除等放射防护领域。辐射造成血液、免疫、生殖等系统的损伤，对人类健康危害极大。糖蛋白是一种与辐射损伤相关的低丰度蛋白，对实际生物样品酶解液中的糖肽进行有效富集对蛋白质组学和生物标志物研究具有重要意义。同时，关注核能重要原料铀的采冶、浓缩及应用于核能过程中产生的含铀废水的有效处理，对辐射防护和促进核能产业持续发展具有重要意义。

本论文的主要内容是功能化磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其在N-糖肽富集和水体中U(Ⅵ)去除的应用研究，论文内容主要包括三部分：

第一部分：前言。介绍了本工作中所应用的糖蛋白/糖肽富集方法、水体中放射性核素处理方法，功能化磁性纳米材料在糖蛋白/糖肽富集和水体中放射性核素去除方面的研究进展，简要概述了本工作的研究内容、创新性及应用前景。

第二部分：磁性纳米材料对生物样品酶解液中N-糖肽的富集。本部分首先通过溶剂热法制备了磁性石墨烯纳米材料，然后通过多巴胺自聚合和迈克尔加成反应将聚多巴胺和壳聚糖修饰在材料表面，制备了新型的壳聚糖修饰的磁性纳米复合材料Fe₃O₄-GO@PDA-Chitosan。对所制备的材料进行了TEM、VSM、XRD、Zeta电位、接触角等表征，及分离富集能力、稳定性、重复性等性能评价。将其用于标准蛋白样品酶解液和复杂实际生物样品酶解液中N-糖肽的富集，表现出了较高的选择性、灵敏度和富集能力。

第三部分：磁性纳米材料对水体中U(Ⅵ)的去除。本部分首先通过层层自组装技术制备了磁性金属-有机骨架纳米材料，并通过分子间氢键作用将磷酸修饰到材料表面，制备了新型磷酸基团修饰的磁性金属-有机骨架纳米复合材料Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@UiO-66-PA。对所制备的材料进行了EDS mapping、VSM、FT-IR、N₂吸附-解吸附、Zeta电位等表征，将其用于酸性水体中U(Ⅵ)的去除并进行了吸附动力学、吸附等温线、选择性、解吸附等性能评价，表现出了较高的选择性和去除能力。

Magnetic nanomaterials are promising new functional materials which have the advantages of good magnetic response, easy modification and good biocompatibility. Magnetic nanomaterials are widely used to proteomics analysis and remove radionuclides from water as adsorbents. Radiation causes damage to blood, immunity, genital system which does great harm to human health. Glycoprotein is a kind of low abundance protein which relates to radiation damage. The effective enrichment of glycopeptide from the enzymatic hydrolysate of real biological samples is of great significance to the study of proteomics and biomarkers. At the same time, the uranium is the important raw material of nuclear energy, paying attention to its effective removal from wastewater is of great significance to radiation protection and the sustainable development of nuclear energy industry.

The main contents of this paper are the preparation of functional magnetic nanocomposites，Its application in N-glycopeptide enrichment and removal of U(Ⅵ) from water. This paper mainly consists of three parts:

The first part: Preface. The enrichment methods of glycoprotein/glycopeptide, the treatment methods of radionuclides in water, the research progress of functional magnetic nanomaterials in glycoprotein/glycopeptide enrichment and radionuclide removal from water were introduced. The research contents, innovation and application prospect of this work were summarized briefly.

The second part: Magnetic nanomaterials enrich N-glycopeptide. In this part, magnetic graphene nanomaterials were prepared by solvothermal method, and then polydopamine and chitosan were modified on the surface of the materials by dopamine self-polymerization and Michael addition reaction, a new type of chitosan-modified magnetic nanocomposites Fe₃O₄-GO@PDA-Chitosan was prepared. The materials were characterized by TEM, VSM, XRD, Zeta potential and contact angle, the separation, enrichment ability, stability and repeatability were evaluated. The materials had been applied to the enrichment of N-glycopeptide from enzymatic hydrolysates of standard protein samples and complex biological samples, showing high selectivity, sensitivity and enrichment ability.

The third part: Magnetic nanomaterials remove U(Ⅵ) from simulated acidic wastewater containing uranium. In this part, magnetic Metal-Organic Framework nano-materials were prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly technology, and phosphate groups were modified to the surface of materials by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, a new type of phosphate groups modified magnetic Metal-Organic Framework nanocomposites Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@UiO-66-PA was prepared. The materials were characterized by EDS mapping, VSM, FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption and Zeta potential. The materials had been applied to the removal of U (VI) in acidic water, the adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherm, selectivity and desorption were evaluated, showing high selectivity and removal ability.