目的：

了解我国三甲医院护士群体心理焦虑情绪状况及其影响因素，为提高护士心理健康水平提供有益的借鉴和参考，为制定改善护士群体健康状况的策略和措施提供依据。

方法：

本研究是基于某公益基金项目，以2018-2019年度全国29个省市192家三甲医院护士的为研究对象。通过数据处理形成本研究数据库，应用SPSS26.0软件进行统计学分析，包括描述性分析，单因素方差分析、卡方检验及二分类多因素logistic回归分析。

结果：

（1）本研究的护士群体焦虑情绪标准分值均值为（46.71±9.519）显著高于我国成人常模（29.78±0.98），经过单样本的t检验，两者之间的差异有统计学意义（t=485.584，p<0.001），焦虑风险检出率为36.04%。

（2）不同性别、不同婚姻状态、不同学历、不同职称和不同收入、不同科室、不同医院类型和不同地区护士人群焦虑情绪水平和焦虑风险检出率存在差异。

（3）护士群体主要压力来源排在前三位的依次是经济压力35%、身体健康压力16%和个人发展压力15%，不同特征的护士群体略有差异。而身体健康压力为主要压力源的护士焦虑情绪水平和焦虑风险检出率均最高。

（4）logistic回归分析探索影响护士焦虑风险状况的主要因素，模型纳入的性别、婚姻状态、学历水平、职称、月均收入、工作科室、医院类型和地区8个变量均有统计学意义（p<0.05）。女性、大专及以下、离异、护士和初级护师、月均收入水平4000元以下、门急诊和重症ICU、儿童医院、身体健康压力和沟通压力及经济压力是本调查中导致焦虑风险增加主要因素。

结论：

在192家三甲医院74553例样本中，护士群体的整体焦虑情绪水平均值（46.71±9.519），焦虑风险检出率为36.04%。

（2）不同人口学特征和不同分布特征的护士焦虑状况存在差异。

影响护士焦虑风险状况的主要因素有性别、学历、婚姻状况、职称、月均收入、工作科室、医院类型和地区分布8个社会人口学因素以及不同主要压力来源影响。女性、大专及以下、离异、护士和初级护师、月均收入水平4000元以下、门急诊和重症ICU、儿童医院、身体健康压力和沟通压力及经济压力是本调查中导致焦虑风险增加主要因素。

建议从各个层面重视护理人才队伍建设切实解决当前护士群体的实际问题，营造良好的护士从业环境。关注高危护士群体，帮助其改善心理健康状况。

Objective:

To understand the status of psychological anxiety and its influencing factors of nurses in Grade 3A hospitals in China, to provide useful reference for improving the level of mental health of nurses, and to provide basis for formulating strategies and measures to improve the health status of nurses.  

Method:

This study is based on a public welfare fund project, taking nurses from 192 Grade 3A hospitals in 29 provinces and cities in China from 2018 to 2019 as the research object.  The database was formed by data processing, and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS26.0 software, including descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test and binary multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:

(1) The average score of anxiety of nurses in this study was (46.71±9.519), which was significantly higher than that of Chinese adult norm (29.78±0.98). The difference between them was statistically significant (t=485.584, p<0.001). The detection rate of anxiety risk was 36.04%.

(2) There were differences in anxiety level and anxiety risk detection rate among nurses of different gender, different marital status, different educational background, different professional title, different income, different departments, different hospital types and different regions.

(3) In the sample of this investigation, the level of education, professional title and monthly income of nurses are negatively correlated with the degree of anxiety risk.

(4) The top three sources of stress were economic stress (35%), physical health stress (16%) and personal development stress (15%). The nurses whose physical health stress was the main stressor had the highest anxiety level and the highest anxiety risk detection rate.

(5) Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the main factors influencing the anxiety risk of nurses. The 8 variables included in the model were gender, marital status, educational level, professional title, monthly average income, working department, hospital type and region, which were statistically significant (p<0.05). Female, college degree or below, divorce, nurses and primary nurses, monthly income below 4000 yuan, outpatient and emergency department and intensive care unit, children's hospital, physical health pressure, communication pressure and economic pressure were the main factors leading to increased anxiety risk in this survey.

 Conclusion

(1) In the sample of 74553 nurses from 192 Grade 3A hospitals, the average level of anxiety was (46.71±9.519), and the detection rate of anxiety risk was 36.04%.

(2)

(3) The main influencing factors of nurses 'anxiety risk were gender, education, marital status, professional title, monthly income, working department, hospital type, regional distribution and different main stress sources. Female, college degree or below, divorce, nurses and primary nurses, monthly income below 4000 yuan RMB, outpatient and emergency department and intensive care unit, children's hospital, physical health pressure, communication pressure and economic pressure were the main factors leading to increased anxiety risk in this survey.

It is suggested that we should pay attention to the construction of nursing talent team from all levels to solve the practical problems of nurses and create a good environment for nurses to work. Pay attention to the high-risk nurses and help them improve their mental health.