研究目的：

识别艾滋病疫苗技术发展趋势，以期为我国艾滋病疫苗技术相关科技政策提出建议，为我国艾滋病相关的疫苗技术的卫生资源配置和卫生科技政策制定方向提供借鉴和参考。

研究内容：

利用计量法的定量分析和专家访谈法定性判定，综合识别我国与全球艾滋病疫苗技术的发展趋势；梳理艾滋病疫苗技术研究典型国家的相关科技政策，并提出我国艾滋病疫苗技术领域相关政策建议。

研究方法：

首先采用共引分析法和专利计量法进行分析识别出艾滋病疫苗技术发展趋势，在此基础上，运用专家访谈法，对定量识别的结果进行判定，得到最终的艾滋病疫苗技术的发展趋势，通过文献调研梳理艾滋病疫苗技术研究典型国家的相关科技政策，并结合我国国情，提出适合我国艾滋病疫苗技术发展的政策建议。

主要研究结果：

1. 通过共引分析识别出HIV-1可溶性膜蛋白三聚体结构研究、HIV/AIDS动物模型研究、HIV-1 膜蛋白基因研究、HIV/AIDS广泛中和抗体研究、HIV/AIDS免疫保护机制研究、HIV-1膜蛋白三聚体免疫应答研究、艾滋病天然免疫系统研究、HIV/AIDS免疫原设计研究、HIV/AIDS诱导免疫研究9个全球艾滋病疫苗技术领域研究前沿；识别出HIV/AIDS诱导免疫研究、HIV/AIDS广泛中和抗体研究、HIV-1可溶性膜蛋白三聚体结构研究、HIV/AIDS免疫保护机制研究、HIV-1 膜蛋白基因研究5个我国艾滋病疫苗技术领域研究前沿。通过专利计量法德温特分类代码分析识别出我国与全球的艾滋病疫苗重要技术领域为“发酵工业”和“天然产物和聚合物”；通过德温特手工代码分析识别出全球艾滋病疫苗技术的主要研究方向为艾滋病并发症的研究，我国的主要研究方向为艾滋病疫苗本身的研究；通过IPC分类号进行技术主题分析表明艾滋病疫苗专利有许多涉及到医药配置品、药物治疗活性、微生物、酶等应用领域，其中以含有抗原或抗体的医药配置品和涉及多肽的相关领域为主，投入较为全面均衡；艾滋病疫苗领域专利申请机构方面，我国以科研单位和大学为主，全球以企业为主；艾滋病疫苗技术专利国际合作度远低于论文合作。

2. 通过查阅相关网站及文献梳理国外典型国家及我国的艾滋病疫苗技术相关科技政策，发现我国艾滋病疫苗研究起步较晚，近几年我国政府重视艾滋病疫苗研究并予以政策支持，发展较为迅速；国际上艾滋病疫苗研究典型国家如美国、泰国等政府部门高度重视艾滋病疫苗研究，成立专门的机构，保障资金投入，在国家层面启动了许多政策并将其纳入到国家的重点发展规划中，艾滋病疫苗技术已成为艾滋病防治的核心，积极开展国际合作，企业参与度高，也取得了国际社会的肯定。

结论：

1. 艾滋病疫苗发展趋势总体由注重中和抗体的作用渐渐向疫苗联合免疫以诱导更强的特异性免疫方向转移。我国艾滋病疫苗技术发展总体符合国际趋势，部分研究各有侧重，需利用好我国的资源优势，加大研发力度和深度。

2. 我国相关科技政策倾向于艾滋病防控，对于艾滋病疫苗研制缺乏系统的政策支持。

建议：

1. 政府重视，适当调整政策倾斜

建议在国家层面建立专门机构，加强顶层设计，出台指导性意见，遵循艾滋病疫苗技术的发展趋势，统筹管理部署我国艾滋病疫苗技术发展规划，在艾滋病防控基础上，适当对艾滋病疫苗技术政策进行倾斜；积极倡导企业参与，并给予一定的政策保障；加快临床试验审批或实行绿色通道，缩短疫苗研发周期，便于科研人员及时调整研究方向。保障资金持续投入，并鼓励社会资助。

2 .整合优势资源，加强国际合作

建议建立国家艾滋病疫苗研制中心，整合集中全国艾滋病疫苗技术卫生资源，加强国际艾滋病疫苗技术经验交流与合作及临床试验层面的国际合作，我国研发机构可以根据我国的资源优势、专利优势以及研发方向寻找国际合作伙伴，共同研制艾滋病疫苗。

关键词：艾滋病疫苗；政策建议；共引分析；专利计量；信息可视化

Objective:

The study aims to identify the development trend of AIDS vaccine, and to make suggestions for the development of China’s AIDS technology policy research.

Contents:

The development trend of AIDS vaccine technology is Identified by the quantitative analysis of metrological methods and expert interviews, and Combing HIV vaccine technology to study the relevant national science and technology policy to make suggestions for the development of China’s frontier fields of AIDS vaccine technology.

Methods:

First of all, using co-citation analysis and patent measurement method to identify the development of AIDS vaccine technology trends, on this basis, the result of which will then be summarized and refined qualitative by experts, through the literature Research and combing AIDS vaccine technology to study which the relevant national science and technology policy, combined with China's national conditions, make suggestions for the development of China’s frontier fields of AIDS vaccine technology.

Results:

1. Nine clusters of highly cited papers of the world were obtained by co-citation analysis. such as “Study on the Structure of HIV-1 Soluble Membrane Protein”、“Study on animal model of HIV/AIDS”、“Study on HIV - 1 Membrane Protein Gene”、“Study on widely neutralized antibodies against HIV / AIDS” 、“Study on HIV / AIDS Immunoprotection Mechanism”、“Study on HIV-1 Membrane Protein Trimeric Immune Response”、“Research on Natural Immune System of AIDS”、“Study on HIV/ AIDS Immunogen Design”、“HIV / AIDS Induced Immunization Study”. Six clusters of highly cited papers of the China were obtained by co-citation analysis, such as “HIV / AIDS Induced Immunization Study”、“Study on widely neutralized antibodies against HIV / AIDS”、“Study on the Structure of HIV Membrane”、“Study on HIV / AIDS Immunoprotection Mechanism”、“Study on HIV / AIDS Immunogen Design”、“Study on HIV - 1 Membrane Protein Gene”. Through the patent measurement of Derwent classification code analysis to identify China and the global AIDS vaccine important technical areas for the "fermentation industry" and "natural products and polymers"; Through the Derwent manual code analysis to identify the global AIDS vaccine technology, the main research direction for the study of AIDS complications, China's main research direction for the AIDS vaccine itself research; Through the IPC classification number technical analysis of the subject shows that AIDS vaccine patents have many related to pharmaceutical products, drug treatment activity, microbiology, enzymes and other applications Field, which contains antigens or antibodies in the pharmaceutical preparations and related areas related to the main peptide, investment is relatively balanced; AIDS vaccine patent application agencies, China's research institutes and universities, while the global business-oriented; AIDS Vaccine technology patent international cooperation is much lower than the paper cooperation.

2. Through the relevant websites and literature to sort out the typical countries and China's AIDS vaccine technology-related science and technology policy, found that China's AIDS vaccine research started late, in recent years, our government attaches importance to AIDS vaccine research and policy support, the development of more rapid; International AIDS Vaccine research Typical countries such as the United States, Thailand and other government departments attach great importance to AIDS vaccine research, the establishment of specialized institutions to protect capital investment, at the national level to start a number of policies and put it into the country's key development plan, AIDS vaccine technology has become AIDS prevention and control of the core, and actively carry out international cooperation, business participation, has also made the international community affirmed.

Conclusions:

1. AIDS vaccine technology trends in general by focusing on the role of neutralizing antibodies gradually to the vaccine combined to induce a stronger cellular immune transmission. China's AIDS vaccine technology development in line with international trends in general, some studies have focused on the need to make better use of China's resource advantages, increase research and development efforts and depth.

2. China's relevant science and technology policy tend to AIDS prevention and control, lack of systematic policy support.

Suggestions:

1. Government attention, appropriate adjustment of policy tilt

It is proposed to establish a special body at the national level, strengthen the top-level design of policy, introduce the guidance of the views, overall management and deployment of AIDS vaccine technology development plan in China, follow the development trend of AIDS vaccine technology,AIDS prevention and control on the basis of the appropriate anti-AIDS vaccine technology policy tilt; actively promote business participation, and give policy protection，to speed up the clinical trial approval or implementation of green channel,shorten the vaccine research and development cycle, which to facilitate scientific research personnel to adjust the direction of research.

2. Integrate advantages and strengthen international cooperation

It is proposed to establish a national AIDS vaccine development center, integrate and integrate the national AIDS vaccine technology health resources, strengthen the international AIDS vaccine technology experience exchange and cooperation, it is recommended that China's R & D institutions can be based on their own patent advantages, research and development direction to find potential partners to develop AIDS vaccine.
Key words: AIDS vaccine; policy suggestion; co-citation analysis; patent measurement; information visualization