目的：本研究旨在从行动者网络视角构建并探讨卫生健康领域科学数据共享的协同治理体系，分析该领域科学数据共享过程中的关键问题，为促进我国卫生健康领域科学数据的共享提供参考，也为科学数据治理理论研究提供新的思路。

方法：采用文献研究法和德尔菲法识别卫生健康领域科学数据共享过程中的确定型利益相关者。结合访谈法与扎根理论总结出卫生健康领域科学数据共享中各行动者面临的核心问题。基于行动者网络理论，确定卫生健康领域科学数据共享中的核心行动者以及强制通行点，从问题呈现、利益赋予、征召和动员四个阶段开展转译，构建并探讨卫生健康领域科学数据共享的协同治理体系。

结果：本研究识别出科研人员、科研资助机构、数据中心、科研机构、卫生健康行政部门、医疗卫生机构、高等院校和数据安全监管部门等卫生健康领域科学数据共享过程中的确定型利益相关者，并梳理出其利益诉求。确定了卫生健康领域科学数据共享的协同治理体系中的人类行动者包括政府、医疗卫生机构、高等院校、科研机构、数据中心和科研人员；非人类行动者包括制度环境、信任水平、科研观念和数据资源。构建了以政府为核心行动者，协同治理为强制通行点的卫生健康科学数据共享的协同治理体系，明确了数据共享过程中的关键问题为：数据共享缺乏利益平衡机制、数据共享标准有待统一、数据共享缺乏信任机制和数据政策法规有待完善。

结论：本研究从行动者网络视角切入，初步构建了以政府为核心行动者，多方行动者共同参与的卫生健康领域科学数据共享的协同治理体系，明确了该领域科学数据共享过程中的关键问题，为促进我国卫生健康领域科学数据的共享提供了参考，也为科学数据治理理论研究提供了新的思路。

Objectives: This study aims to construct and explore a collaborative governance system for scientific data sharing in the field of health from the perspective of Actor-Network Theory (ANT). It analyzes the key issues in the process of scientific data sharing in this field, providing references for promoting scientific data sharing in China's health field and offering new insights for the theoretical research on scientific data governance.

Methods: The study employed a combination of literature review and Delphi method to identify the key stakeholders in the scientific data sharing process in the field of health. In-depth interviews and Grounded Theory were used to summarize the core issues faced by various actors in the scientific data sharing process. Based on Actor-Network Theory, the study determined the core actors and obligatory passage points in the scientific data sharing process. It then conducted translation through four stages: problem presentation, interest allocation, enrollment, and mobilization, to construct and explore a collaborative governance system for scientific data sharing in the field of health.

Results: The study identified key stakeholders in the scientific data sharing process in the field of health, including researchers, research funding agencies, data centers, research institutions, health administrative departments, medical and health institutions, colleges and universities, and data security regulatory agencies. Their respective interests were also clarified. The human actors in the collaborative governance system for scientific data sharing were identified as the government, medical and health institutions, colleges and universities, research institutions, data centers, and researchers. Non-human actors included institutional environment, trust level, research concepts, and data resources. A collaborative governance system for scientific data sharing in the field of health was constructed, with the government as the core actor and collaborative governance as the obligatory passage point. The key issues in the data sharing process were identified as the lack of an interest-balancing mechanism for data sharing, the need for unified data sharing standards, the lack of a trust mechanism for data sharing, and the need for improvement in data policy and regulations.

Conclusions:, Based on the perspective of Actor-Network Theory, this study preliminarily constructed a collaborative governance system for scientific data sharing in the field of health, with the government as the core actor and multiple actors participating together. It clarified the key issues in the scientific data sharing process in this field, providing references for promoting scientific data sharing in China's health field and offering new insights for the theoretical research on scientific data governance.